Pauvreté persistante, chronique et transitoire Nouvelle méthode axiomatique

Abstract

In many countries, policies on income distribution pay particular attention to poverty alleviation. However, rates of poverty or low incomes - who are the most commonly used indicators in this area - do not provide much information likely to improve policies to reduce poverty. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to fill this gap by proposing a new analytic fuzzy axiomatic approach for measuring persistent poverty, chronic and transitory. The fuzzy poverty measurement rests on the choice of membership functions i.e. quantitative specification of individuals' or households' degrees of poverty and deprivation. In this paper, fuzzy measures of persistent, chronic and transitory poverty based on the choice of membership functions and the choice of rules for the manipulation of the resulting fuzzy sets, rules defining their complement, intersection, and union are proposed. Although the scope of this paper is essentially methodological, we also present an application to the analysis of poverty dynamics in Tunisia from 1985 to 1990.